Shadow war: how use of proxy forces by Iran, Israel and US is driving Middle East instability
Across region there is a push to disarm militia and reinforce state authority but the temptation to use proxies remains.
The receipts. This is the exact material every model was shown for this day and region, followed by what each of them made of it — in its own words, next to the number it gave.
It is worth reading once even if you skip everything else: it is where confident-sounding reasoning and a score that turns out to be no better than chance sit side by side.
Evidence is gathered once per (date, region, depth_profile), hashed, and reused for every model in the run. A disagreement below is therefore a disagreement about identical input, not two models getting different search results. The evidence hash shown on this page is what makes that checkable.
These headlines, in this order, are the entire world the models were given. Nothing else about Middle East & North Africa on 2026-06-28 was in the prompt.
Across region there is a push to disarm militia and reinforce state authority but the temptation to use proxies remains.
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Egypt's Minister of Investment and Foreign Trade, Mohamed Farid, met with senior executives of Norwegian renewable energy company Scatec to discuss...
Qatari-linked oil tanker, container ship attacked last week.
ALGIERS - The Director General of the Algerian Agency for Investment Promotion (AAPI), Omar Rekkache, received a delegation from the International Monetary...
Morocco has retained its intermediate country risk rating in the latest country and sector risk barometer published by credit insurer Coface, maintaining.
Dairy shelves in much of the Middle East and North Africa carry milk and cheese from herds that have never been systematically tested for disease.
Jews from Arab countries, who now comprise over half the Jews of Israel, can hardly be called settler colonialists.
At mid-year, the global potato industry faces a cautious second-half outlook. Europe is trying to reset after oversupply, North America is watching...
Germany is strengthening its energy partnership with Algeria, as Europe searches for new long-term energy supplies and invests in renewable hydrogen to help...
Extracts: not gathered at shallow depth — Stage 7 populates extracts only for standard and deep profiles. Zero here means "not requested", not "requested and empty". Full article texts: not gathered at shallow depth — only the deep profile fetches them.
The shallow profile requests 20 headlines and 10 are stored. That is a known provider cap, not a clipped payload: the Serper news endpoint returns at most 10 items per request regardless of the count asked for, and pagination has not been added. The three profiles currently differ in enrichment, not in headline breadth.
Same headlines, same rendered prompt, different readings. Where two models diverge, the disagreement is about interpretation, because the input was byte-identical and the hash proves it. The scored verdicts here span 26.0 points of the 0-100 scale.
Evidence points to active kinetic conflict, with renewed US and Iran strikes lifting oil prices and attacks on a Qatari-linked tanker and container ship signaling maritime escalation alongside an entrenched proxy war involving Iran, Israel, and the US. Counterweights are real but peripheral \u2014 investment inflows into Egypt and Algeria, stable Moroccan risk ratings \u2014 indicating the disorder is concentrated in the Gulf/Levant rather than region-wide collapse.
Renewed military strikes between the US and Iran, alongside recent attacks on commercial shipping, significantly elevate the risk of broader regional conflict. However, ongoing foreign investments in North African green energy and stable economic ratings in countries like Morocco prevent a complete regional deterioration.
Renewed US-Iran strikes and proxy attacks on shipping indicate active conflict and regional instability, while economic investments and stable country risk ratings in some states temper the severity. The evidence suggests elevated but not critical chaos, with multiple tensions offset by diplomatic and economic activity.
The region is experiencing instability due to the use of proxy forces by major powers, renewed US and Iran strikes, and the presence of a hidden cattle disease, all of which contribute to an uncertain environment. However, the region is also seeing investment and cooperation, such as Norway's investment in Egypt's green economy and Germany's energy partnership with Algeria, which suggests that the situation is not yet critical.
The MENA region shows mixed signals with concerning security tensions—proxy warfare by Iran, Israel, and the US, plus recent attacks on shipping and renewed strikes—offsetting positive economic developments in renewable energy, investment reforms, and regional partnerships. While instability is present and elevated above baseline, the evidence does not indicate imminent widespread conflict or systemic collapse, with several countries maintaining stable ratings and pursuing constructive economic initiatives despite underlying tensions.
Every model returned a parseable verdict for this evidence, so no failure card is shown. Non-ok rows are rendered by the same component — with error_text where the rationale would be — and are covered by tests/rationale_card_test.tsx.